These include engagement of the head in the pelvic inlet, descent through the pelvis aided by uterine contractions and maternal pushing, flexion of the head to reduce its width, internal rotation bringing the occiput anteriorly, crowning as the head emerges from the vagina, extension of the head during birth, and restitution returning the head to its original position for delivery of the shoulders and body. Antenatal Preparation Document 24 pages. Cardinal Movements of Labor: Ina S. Shoulder dystocia occurs when the baby's shoulders are halted at the pelvic outlet due to inadequate space through which to pass. The ocipitoposterior position is also called persistent occipitoposterior and is the common cause for true back labor.
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